555 timer basics, pin diagram, internal circuits
This page describes 555 timer basics, 555 timer pin diagram and mentions 555 timer application notes.The applications include 555 timer in astable configuration and in monostable configuration.
The 555 timer is used for many things, but there are two”classical” circuits that employ the 555 timer at their hearts. These are the astable multivibrator (a.k.a. Free-running oscillator) and the other is the monostable (a.k.a. One-shot) circuit. Let’s discuss each one in more detail. 555 Timers and the Astable Circuit. The 555 timer integrated circuit (IC) has become a mainstay in electronics design. A 555 timer will produce a pulse when a trigger signal is applied to it. The pulse length is.
Free paysafecard codes list 2017. 555 Timer Datasheet. Monostable Mode of the 555 Timer. In monostable mode, the 555 timer outputs a single pulse of current for a certain length of time. This is sometimes referred to as a one-shot pulse. An example of this can be seen with an LED and a push-button. With one press of the button, the LED will light up, then turn off automatically.
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The 555 timer IC is one of the most versatile chips ever produced. It is widely used in many applications in the world of digital pulse generation. The 555 timer IC can be configured in Monostable Mode, Astable Mode or free running and Bistable Mode or Schmitt Trigger mode.
Fig-1:555 timer internal circuits The figure-1 mentions 555 timer internal circuits. As shown the device comprises two operational amplifiers used as comparators (C1 and C2), RS bistable element (FF), inverting output buffer(B1), transistor switch (Q14).
Inverting Buffer is incorporated so that considerable current can be sourced or sunk to/from a load. A single transistor switch Q14 is provided as means of rapidly discharging the external timing capacitor.
Fig-2:555 timer pin diagram The figure-2 mentions 555 IC pin diagram. The table below mentions 555 timer pin descriptions.
555 timer pin number | Description |
---|---|
1 | GND (Ground Connection) |
2 | Trigger (555 timer triggers when this pin transition occurs from voltage value from Vcc to 33% of Vcc. Output goes high when triggered ) |
3 | Output (This pin delivers output) |
4 | Reset ( This pin resets 555 timer when low ) |
5 | Control Voltage (Used to change 'threshold' and 'trigger' set point voltages.It is rarely used. ) |
6 | Threshold (used to detect when the capacitor has charged. The output pin goes low when capacitor has been charged to 66.6% of Vcc.) |
7 | Discharge (It is used to discharge the capacitor. ) |
8 | +VCC (5V to 15V supply input ) |
555 timer in astable configuration
Fig-3:555 timer astable configuration The figure-3 mentions 555 timer in astable configuration. As shown, astable circuit connects trigger pin to capacitor. It adds a resistor between the discharge and threshold pins. As mentioned astable circuit triggers from previous output pulse. Monostable circuit requires an externally applied trigger.
In short, the output pin oscillates from high to low creating a series of pulses as the capacitor charge oscillates from 33.3% to 66.6% Vcc, without any external triggers.
The duration the output pin stays high (tHIGH) is expressed as follows:
tHIGH=0.693*C1*(R1+R2)
The duration the output pin stays low (tLOW) is expressed as below:
tLOW=0.693*C1*R2
The frequency (f) of the series of pulses is expressed as follows:
f = 1/(tHIGH + tLOW)
The duration the output pin stays high (tHIGH) is expressed as follows:
tHIGH=0.693*C1*(R1+R2)
The duration the output pin stays low (tLOW) is expressed as below:
tLOW=0.693*C1*R2
The frequency (f) of the series of pulses is expressed as follows:
f = 1/(tHIGH + tLOW)
Applications of 555 timer in astable configuration.
• modulation of ultrasonic and IR transmitters
• Turn ON and OFF an actuator at set time intervals for a fixed duration.
• create an accurate clock signal.
• modulation of ultrasonic and IR transmitters
• Turn ON and OFF an actuator at set time intervals for a fixed duration.
• create an accurate clock signal.
555 timer in monostable configuration
Fig-4:555 timer monostable configuration The figure-4 mentions 555 timer in monostable configuration. The Monostable circuit outputs one pulse for each high to low transition of the trigger pin. The output will return to the 'stable' state after a period of time that is a function of the attached resistor and capacitor values.
555 Timer Applications Pdf
The length of the output pulse depends on when the capacitor reaches 66.6% Vcc. This rate is determined by the charge capacity of the capacitor (C1) and resistance (R1). The length of the output pulse(tp) is expressed as follows.
tp = 1.1 *R1*C1
tp = 1.1 *R1*C1
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Applications of 555 timer in monostable configuration.
• Debounce a momentary or push button switch
• Turning on an actuator for a set period of time
• Turn an output from a resistive sensor from analog signal to digital signal
• Debounce a momentary or push button switch
• Turning on an actuator for a set period of time
• Turn an output from a resistive sensor from analog signal to digital signal